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Background: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder with common denominator of hyperglycemia, arising from a variety of pathogenic mechanisms. The aim of the study was to evaluate the drug utilization pattern of anti-diabetic drugs in diabetic patients and observe adverse drug events (ADEs) associated with anti-diabetic therapy in a prospective way.Methods: A prospective study was carried out in diabetic patients visiting the Departments of General Medicine in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Demographic data, drug utilization pattern and ADEs due to Anti-diabetic drugs were summarized.Results: In the present study, 153 (54%) of the 282 diabetic patients were males and 129 (46%) were females. Majority of patients were in the age group of 51-60 years (31.20%) and most of the patients (31.56%) had a diabetic history of 11-15 years. Metformin was the most commonly prescribed drug (64.89%). Majority of the patients (36.87%) were on multidrug therapy. Co-morbid condition was found in 232 patients (82.26%) where hypertension (22.69%) being the most common co-morbid condition. 32 ADRs were observed with Nausea being the most common ADR reported.Conclusions: The present study helps to find out current prescribing pattern of oral diabetic medications with different co-morbidities with respect to diagnosis, cost of treatment and it also highlight the need for comprehensive management of diabetic patients, including life style changes, dietary control, hypoglycemic agents, cardiovascular prevention, treatment of complications and co-morbidity. Therefore, through the existing prescribing patterns, attempts can be made to improve the quality and efficiency of drug therapy.
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OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for specified labeling of medication information on pregnant women in drug in-structions of anti-diabetic drugs. METHODS:All of drug instructions of anti-diabetic drugs in DXY Drugs Information were collect-ed, the medication information labeling on pregnant women was analyzed. RESULTS:Among 166 drug instructions, 147 (88.55%)had listed the item ofdrug use for pregnant and lactating womenalone,and labeled with the drug information on preg-nant women;14(8.43%)had listed the item too,but labeled with no or limited clinical data,and whether pregnant women could use or not was not suggested;5(3.01%)didn't have the item. About without guidance of drug use,there were 3(1.81%)drug in-structions missed guidance,and 14(8.43%)with no or limited clinical data. About with guidance of drug use,49(29.52%)were labeled with forbidden for pregnant women;40(24.1%)were labeled with can't/not suitable/should not be used for pregnant wom-en;49 (29.52%) were labeled with cautious/not recommend/weighed the pros and cons/benefits greater than the risk/consulted a doctor for pregnant women;and 11(6.63%)were labeled with being safe/being not restricted for pregnant women. In the 166 drug instructions,26,which were from foreign pharmaceutical companies,had listed the item ofdrug use for pregnant and lactating womenalone,as well as labeled the guidance of drug use for pregnant women. CONCLUSIONS:The labeling of domestic drug instructions shows inadequate drug information on pregnant women,non-uniform guidance statements,lag of update and other prob-lems,which should be attached to great importance by drug supervision and management departments,as well as pharmaceutical production enterprises.
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Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and safety on once-daily (OD) insulin detemir (IDet) in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who were treated with different types or combinations of oral anti-diabetic drugs (OADs).Methods The SOLVETM study was a 24-week observational study on the initiation of IDet OD in T2DM patients with uncontrolled hyperglycemia on diet,exercise,and one or more OADs.Subjects were grouped based on the numbers of OADs taken before (＞ 2-OAD,2-OAD,and 1-OAD groups).Efficacy and safety endpoints were evaluated and compared in different groups.Results This study includes 3 272 patients,among them 464 (14.2％) were treated with more than 2OADs,1511 (46.2％) with 2OADs,and 1 218 (37.2％) with 1OAD before the study.The mean glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was 8.4％,8.3％,8.4％ at baseline,and 7.3％,7.2％,7.1％ at the end of 24-week in each 3 groups (all P ＜0.001 vs.baseline values).The HbA1c reductions were not statistically significant different among groups.Body weight tended to decrease in patients from all groups,however,only that in the 2-OAD group reached statistically significance.No major hypoglycaemia events were reported.However,the overall minor hypoglycaemia rate in the 2-OAD group was higher at the end of the study than that at baseline (P ＜ 0.05).No differences in the rate of nocturnal minor hypoglycaemia were observed in all groups after IDet treatment.Conclusion Initiation of IDet OD was effective and well-tolerated in Chinese patients with T2DM whose glycemia was poorly controlled on OADs irrespective of the number of OADs taken before.(registration number NCT00825643)
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Objectives: To evaluate the hypoglycemic effect of these herbal medicines' on normal mice. Methods: the ethanol extracts of these plants have been introduced intraperitoneally to mice with the dose of 500 mg/kg of body weight. The blood glucose levels were determined by one - touch glucose meter at just (0h) before and at 1h, 2h, 3h, 4h and conclusion after drug administration. Results: Lycium sinense Mill lowered the glycemia by more than 30% in comparison to that of initial level. Separia dulcis, however, caused hyperglycemia (+ 62%) at the first hour then at the 3rd and 4th hour the blood glucose was diminished with>30%. Atractylodes macrocephala did not lower the glycemia.